Automatically Rename Columns in Pandas using string and number

I have the current DataFrame:

df = pd.DataFrame([[-1, 2, 1, 3], [4, 6, 7,8], [-2, 10, 11, 13], [5, 6, 8, 9]], columns=['0', '1', '2', '3'])

I am trying to automatically rename every other column so that the first two are lo1, up1, lo2, up2. This is just an example, but I was hoping for a way to develop this for an entire DataFrame of many columns.

Thanks.

>Solution :

An efficient approach is to use itertools.product:

from itertools import product

cols = [f'{a}{b+1}' for b,a in  product(range(len(df. columns)//2), ['lo','up'])]

df.columns = cols

Output:

   lo1  up1  lo2  up2
0   -1    2    1    3
1    4    6    7    8
2   -2   10   11   13
3    5    6    8    9