Basic Python if statements

August 20, 2022

I’m learning Python and I’m trying to understand this line if I call f(-1):

x = 0
def f(x):
   if x < 0:
      return g(-x)
   else:
      return g(x)
def g(x):
      return 2*x + 3

If I call f(-1) I get 5. But I incorrectly interpret that I would get 1. This is my interpretation process:

Since x=-1 it should return g(-x). There is no def g(-x) though. However if it returns def g(x) then we should get 2*x+3, which is 1?

Don’t know where I misunderstand.

Thanks

>Solution :

Think of g as the function and x as input to the function.
Furthermore, x is also just like any other variable name.
This means I could instead rename the x variable in the g function to anything I want.
I could also call g anything I want.
Example:

def f(x):
   if x < 0:
      return grumpy_function(-x)
   else:
      return grumpy_function(x)

def grumpy_function(cool_value):
      return 2*cool_value + 3

Now try to walk through the logic using these above functions…
f(-1) causes the if statement x<0 to be true.
So we will execute the line return grumpy_function(-x)
We know that x=-1, so this means -x = -(-1) = 1.
Therefore cool_value is actually 1 not -1.
Now go to grumpy_function: 2*1+3 = 5.