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ggplot: Barplot with more than one grouping variables and adjusting the colours for the grouping variables

April 3, 2023

I am trying to create a barplot (stacked perhaps?) that is similar to either of the following two plots in R with ggplot:

I would prefer to make a barplot similar to the second plot but to make one similar to the first one would do too.

Here is my sample data:

df <- data.frame(
  year = c(1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,
           1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,
           2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,
           2018,2019,2020,2021,2022),
  LS4 = c(0,5,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0),
  LS5 = c(35,45,37,29,23,32,46,35,47,40,
          52,55,46,38,0,6,47,41,45,43,
          42,49,29,25,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0),
  LS7 = c(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,3,20,24,43,33,42,27,25,26,
          26,38,23,23,28,34,50,56,49,52,
          51,57,54,48,49),
  LS8 = c(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0,33,60,61,58,53,
          58,60,55,53,49),
  LS9 = c(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
          0,0,0,6,52),
  obs = c(35,50,37,29,23,32,46,35,47,40,
          52,58,66,62,43,39,89,68,70,69,
          68,87,52,48,28,67,110,117,107,105,
          109,117,109,107,150))

I have tried the following to create barplot

barplot1 <- data %>%
  ggplot(aes(x=year, y=obs, fill=interaction(LS4,LS5,LS7,LS8,LS9))) +
  geom_bar(stat="identity", position=position_dodge()) +
  scale_color_manual(values = c("blue", "cyan", "red", "orange"))
barplot1

And the result looks like this

Could someone please help me with this question 🙂 I really appreaciate it

>Solution :

You could convert your data to a longer format using pivot_longer and assign the names to fill with its values. You could use geom_col to create the stacked bars. If you want to color your bars you should use scale_fill_manual since you use fill in the aesthetics to color bars like this:

library(tidyverse)
df %>%
  pivot_longer(cols = LS4:LS9) %>%
  ggplot(aes(x=year, y=value, fill=name)) +
  geom_col() +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("blue", "cyan", "red", "orange", "yellow"))