pivoting multiple columns R

I have this data:

    structure(list(classificador = c("classificador 1", "classificador 1", 
"classificador 1", "classificador 1", "classificador 1", "classificador 2", 
"classificador 2", "classificador 2", "classificador 2", "classificador 2", 
"classificador 3", "classificador 3", "classificador 3", "classificador 3", 
"classificador 3"), classe = structure(c(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 
1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L), .Label = c("bolha", 
"coral_sol", "cosc_mult", "coscinodiscus", "detritus", "fake_coral", 
"multiples", "org_parts", "organism", "shadow"), class = "factor"), 
    media_entrou = c(0.000181463342477325, 9.11739514644428e-06, 
    0, 0.00710836752524651, 0.0523307152250179, 5.76207054303695e-05, 
    2.31948309497038e-05, 0.000533722409264464, 0.00395244621833009, 
    0.0277347189726644, 0.000511091116817504, 2.78792287970657e-05, 
    0.00167363838758039, 0.00714582937886204, 0.03664291179572
    ), desv_pad_entrou = c(0.000625138593404583, 4.01259397230609e-05, 
    0, 0.00982865377212798, 0.0382102106478645, 0.000197304670837601, 
    0.00015803336539453, 0.00133833325218429, 0.00460178168250652, 
    0.0198204066019173, 0.00560789561914724, 0.000295803787791627, 
    0.0011439791450099, 0.00660048491487252, 0.023022755540947
    ), media_saiu = c(6.31000967592145e-05, 0, 0, 0.0117956025289566, 
    0.00890647892432332, 0.000100059064539586, 0, 0, 0.0587231357033222, 
    0.0639343116405082, 0.00028538070772188, 0, 2.54448072255982e-05, 
    0.0616763969528522, 0.0284492872735916), desv_pad_saiu = c(0.00010828405298676, 
    0, 0, 0.00782886688427178, 0.00460945360308487, 0.000418014988563, 
    0, 0, 0.0258394941887122, 0.0678523075381303, 0.000824409079665752, 
    0, 0.000147663248976053, 0.0346114091736888, 0.0165290142815091
    ), N_ciclos = c(118L, 118L, 118L, 118L, 118L, 318L, 318L, 
    318L, 318L, 318L, 158L, 158L, 158L, 158L, 158L)), class = c("grouped_df", 
"tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, -15L), groups = structure(list(
    classificador = c("classificador 1", "classificador 2", "classificador 3"
    ), .rows = structure(list(1:5, 6:10, 11:15), ptype = integer(0), class = c("vctrs_list_of", 
    "vctrs_vctr", "list"))), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"
), row.names = c(NA, -3L), .drop = TRUE))

I would to like pivot this data with a new columns: classificador, classe, E_S, media and desvio. Where E_S column has the value name entrou accordingly to the columns media_entrou and desvio_entrou and the value name saiu accordingly to the columns media_saiu and desvio_saiu and the values of columns media_entrou and media_saiu in the new column media and the values of columns desvio_entrou and desvio_saiu in the new column desvio.

Output expected for the first 4 rows:

Thanks

>Solution :

We may use pivot_longer, specify the regex pattern to capture the groups in names_pattern i.e. ^([^_]+) – match one or more characters that are not a _ from the start (^) and capture ((...)) followed by _ and capture the rest of characters (.*) from the column names which will be the values in the ‘E_S’ column

library(tidyr)
library(dplyr)
library(stringr)
df1 %>% 
   ungroup %>% 
   select(-N_ciclos) %>%
   dplyr::rename_with(~ str_remove(., "_pad")) %>% 
   pivot_longer(cols = contains("_"), names_to = c(".value", "E_S"),
      names_pattern = "^([^_]+)_(.*)")

-output

# A tibble: 30 × 5
   classificador   classe        E_S         media      desv
   <chr>           <fct>         <chr>       <dbl>     <dbl>
 1 classificador 1 bolha         entrou 0.000181   0.000625 
 2 classificador 1 bolha         saiu   0.0000631  0.000108 
 3 classificador 1 coral_sol     entrou 0.00000912 0.0000401
 4 classificador 1 coral_sol     saiu   0          0        
 5 classificador 1 cosc_mult     entrou 0          0        
 6 classificador 1 cosc_mult     saiu   0          0        
 7 classificador 1 coscinodiscus entrou 0.00711    0.00983  
 8 classificador 1 coscinodiscus saiu   0.0118     0.00783  
 9 classificador 1 detritus      entrou 0.0523     0.0382   
10 classificador 1 detritus      saiu   0.00891    0.00461  
# … with 20 more rows