I am making a sudoku generator and solver project in Python for a school project and I ran into a couple of errors. The code itself does not have any mistakes, but the implementation is incorrect, so I’m stuck.
Here is the code:
from tkinter import *
import random
class SudokuBoard:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.title("Sudoku Board")
self.create_board()
self.create_buttons()
self.board = [[0 for _ in range(9)] for _ in range(9)]
def create_board(self):
self.cells = {}
for i in range(9):
for j in range(9):
if (i in (0, 1, 2, 6, 7, 8) and j in (3, 4, 5)) or (i in (3, 4, 5) and j in (0, 1, 2, 6, 7, 8)):
color = "#d9d9d9"
else:
color = "white"
self.cells[(i, j)] = Label(self.master, width=4, height=2, font=("Helvetica", 20), bg=color, relief="raised")
self.cells[(i, j)].grid(row=i, column=j)
def create_buttons(self):
self.generate_button = Button(self.master, text="Generate", font=("Helvetica", 16), command=self.generate_board)
self.generate_button.grid(row=10, column=1, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5)
self.solve_button = Button(self.master, text="Solve", font=("Helvetica", 16), command=self.solve_board)
self.solve_button.grid(row=10, column=3, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5)
self.reset_button = Button(self.master, text="Reset", font=("Helvetica", 16), command=self.reset_board)
self.reset_button.grid(row=10, column=6, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5)
def generate_board(self):
# Generate a solvable Sudoku board
while not self.solve_board():
pass
self.remove_numbers() # Remove some numbers to create a puzzle
self.update_cells()
def reset_board(self):
# Reset the board to all zeros
self.board = [[0 for _ in range(9)] for _ in range(9)]
cells_to_remove = 50 # class-level variable
def remove_numbers(self):
# Remove numbers from the board to create a puzzle
cells_removed = 0
while cells_removed < self.cells_to_remove:
row = random.randint(0, 8)
col = random.randint(0, 8)
if self.board[row][col] != 0:
self.board[row][col] = 0
cells_removed += 1
def solve_board(self):
# Solve the Sudoku board using backtracking
def find_empty():
for i in range(9):
for j in range(9):
if self.board[i][j] == 0:
return (i, j)
return None
def is_valid(num, pos):
# Check if num is valid in the given position
# Check row
for i in range(9):
if self.board[pos[0]][i] == num and pos[1] != i:
return False
# Check column
for i in range(9):
if self.board[i][pos[1]] == num and pos[0] != i:
return False
# Check 3x3 square
box_x = pos[1] // 3
box_y = pos[0] // 3
for i in range(box_y * 3, box_y * 3 + 3):
for j in range(box_x * 3, box_x * 3 + 3):
if self.board[i][j] == num and (i, j) != pos:
return False
return True
def solve():
empty = find_empty()
if not empty:
return True
else:
row, col = empty
for num in range(1, 10):
if is_valid(num, (row, col)):
self.board[row][col] = num
if solve():
return True
self.board[row][col] = 0
return False
return solve()
def update_cells(self):
# Update the cells with the current board values
for i in range(9):
for j in range(9):
if self.board[i][j] != 0:
self.cells[(i, j)].config(text=self.board[i][j], fg="black")
else:
self.cells[(i, j)].config(text="", fg="black")
root = Tk()
sudoku_board = SudokuBoard(root)
root.mainloop()
I feel like there is a problem with the "remove numbers" function, the "solve board" function and the solve function but I can’t identify the problem so I can fix it.
You have any ideas?
>Solution :
You forgot to "refresh" the cells (by calling update_cells) after calling solve_board or reset_board, so the GUI was not updated. Fix:
from tkinter import *
import random
class SudokuBoard:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.master.title("Sudoku Board")
self.create_board()
self.create_buttons()
self.board = [[0 for _ in range(9)] for _ in range(9)]
def create_board(self):
self.cells = {}
for i in range(9):
for j in range(9):
if (i in (0, 1, 2, 6, 7, 8) and j in (3, 4, 5)) or (i in (3, 4, 5) and j in (0, 1, 2, 6, 7, 8)):
color = "#d9d9d9"
else:
color = "white"
self.cells[(i, j)] = Label(self.master, width=4, height=2, font=("Helvetica", 20), bg=color, relief="raised")
self.cells[(i, j)].grid(row=i, column=j)
def create_buttons(self):
self.generate_button = Button(self.master, text="Generate", font=("Helvetica", 16), command=self.generate_board)
self.generate_button.grid(row=10, column=1, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5)
self.solve_button = Button(self.master, text="Solve", font=("Helvetica", 16), command=self.solve_board)
self.solve_button.grid(row=10, column=3, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5)
self.reset_button = Button(self.master, text="Reset", font=("Helvetica", 16), command=self.reset_board)
self.reset_button.grid(row=10, column=6, columnspan=3, padx=5, pady=5)
def generate_board(self):
# Generate a solvable Sudoku board
while not self.solve_board():
pass
self.remove_numbers() # Remove some numbers to create a puzzle
self.update_cells()
def reset_board(self):
# Reset the board to all zeros
self.board = [[0 for _ in range(9)] for _ in range(9)]
self.update_cells()
cells_to_remove = 50 # class-level variable
def remove_numbers(self):
# Remove numbers from the board to create a puzzle
cells_removed = 0
while cells_removed < self.cells_to_remove:
row = random.randint(0, 8)
col = random.randint(0, 8)
if self.board[row][col] != 0:
self.board[row][col] = 0
cells_removed += 1
def solve_board(self):
# Solve the Sudoku board using backtracking
def find_empty():
for i in range(9):
for j in range(9):
if self.board[i][j] == 0:
return (i, j)
return None
def is_valid(num, pos):
# Check if num is valid in the given position
# Check row
for i in range(9):
if self.board[pos[0]][i] == num and pos[1] != i:
return False
# Check column
for i in range(9):
if self.board[i][pos[1]] == num and pos[0] != i:
return False
# Check 3x3 square
box_x = pos[1] // 3
box_y = pos[0] // 3
for i in range(box_y * 3, box_y * 3 + 3):
for j in range(box_x * 3, box_x * 3 + 3):
if self.board[i][j] == num and (i, j) != pos:
return False
return True
def solve():
empty = find_empty()
if not empty:
return True
else:
row, col = empty
for num in range(1, 10):
if is_valid(num, (row, col)):
self.board[row][col] = num
if solve():
return True
self.board[row][col] = 0
return False
value = solve()
self.update_cells()
return value
def update_cells(self):
# Update the cells with the current board values
for i in range(9):
for j in range(9):
if self.board[i][j] != 0:
self.cells[(i, j)].config(text=self.board[i][j], fg="black")
else:
self.cells[(i, j)].config(text="", fg="black")
root = Tk()
sudoku_board = SudokuBoard(root)
root.mainloop()